Research article
Human isolates of Bartonella tamiae induce pathology in experimentally
inoculated immunocompetent mice
Leah Colton (http://www.biomedcentral.com/logon/logon.asp?msg=ce) , Nordin
Zeidner (http://www.biomedcentral.com/logon/logon.asp?msg=ce) , Tarah
Lynch (http://www.biomedcentral.com/logon/logon.asp?msg=ce) and Michael Y Kosoy
(http://www.biomedcentral.com/logon/logon.asp?msg=ce)
Bacterial Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
author email corresponding author email
BMC Infectious Diseases 2010, 10:229doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-229
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be
found online at: _http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/229_
(http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/229)
Received:
9 February 2010
Accepted:
30 July 2010
Published:
30 July 2010
© 2010 Colton et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (_http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0_
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original
work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background
Bartonella tamiae, a newly described bacterial species, was isolated from
the blood of three hospitalized patients in Thailand. These patients
presented with headache, myalgia, anemia, and mild liver function abnormalities.
Since B. tamiae was presumed to be the cause of their illness, these
isolates were inoculated into immunocompetent mice to determine their relative
pathogenicity in inducing manifestations of disease and pathology similar to
that observed in humans.
Methods
Three groups of four Swiss Webster female mice aged 15-18 months were each
inoculated with 106-7 colony forming units of one of three B. tamiae
isolates [Th239, Th307, and Th339]. A mouse from each experimental group was
sampled at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks post-inoculation. Two saline inoculated
age-matched controls were included in the study. Samples collected at necropsy
were evaluated for the presence of B. tamiae DNA, and tissues were
formalin-fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined for histopathology.
Results
Following inoculation with B. tamiae, mice developed ulcerative skin
lesions and subcutaneous masses on the lateral thorax, as well as axillary and
inguinal lymphadenopathy. B. tamiae DNA was found in subcutaneous masses,
lymph node, and liver of inoculated mice. Histopathological changes were
observed in tissues of inoculated mice, and severity of lesions correlated with
the isolate inoculated, with the most severe pathology induced by B. tamiae
Th239. Mice inoculated with Th239 and Th339 demonstrated myocarditis,
lymphadenitis with associated vascular necrosis, and granulomatous hepatitis and
nephritis with associated hepatocellular and renal necrosis. Mice
inoculated with Th307 developed a deep dermatitis and granulomas within the
kidneys.
Conclusions
The three isolates of B. tamiae evaluated in this study induce disease in
immunocompetent Swiss Webster mice up to 6 weeks after inoculation. The
human patients from whom these isolates were obtained had clinical
presentations consistent with the multi-organ pathology observed in mice in this
study. This mouse model for B. tamiae induced disease not only strengthens the
causal link between this pathogen and clinical illness in humans, but
provides a model to further study the pathological processes induced by these
bacteria.
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