Body Fitness Health

Saturday, July 2, 2011

[AlternativeAnswers] Occurrence of Bartonella henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato co-infect

Occurrence of Bartonella henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
co-infections in ticks collected from humans in Germany.

Mietze A, Strube C, Beyerbach M, Schnieder T, Goethe R

Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2011 06; 17 (6): 918-20

Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 918-920 ABSTRACT: Bartonella (B.)
henselae is the zoonotic agent of cat scratch disease. B. henselae has
been associated with therapy-resistant Lyme disease in humans suggesting
that B. henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato might be
transmitted concurrently by ticks. In the present study we found that 16
(6.9%) of 230 Ixodes ricinus collected from humans harboured DNA of
Bartonella spp. Fifteen positive ticks were infected with B. henselae
and one tick with B. clarridgeiae. Twenty-five percent of the 16
Bartonella positive ticks were co-infected with Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu lato. Our data show that B. henselae is present in Ixodes ricinus
and that ticks may serve as source of infection for humans.

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[AlternativeAnswers] Lungworm (Angiostrongylus vasorum)

Lungworm (Angiostrongylus vasorum)

What is Lungworm and why dose it matter?

Angiostrongylus vasorum is a worm that lives in the heart and lungs of
dogs and foxes. It can cause serious disease. Although it has been
present in parts of the UK for 30 years, the parasite seems to be
spreading and there have been increasing numbers of outbreaks in endemic
areas. The worm is especially common in southern part of the UK and now
being seen in increased numbers in London.

Angiostorngylus vasorum is commonly known as Lungworm by vets in the UK.
It is important to note that this is a completely different species to
Dirofilaria immitis, a mosquito-transmitted heartworm that is common in
continental Europe but so far absent from the UK.

Life cycle.
The adult worms live in the pulmonary (lung) arteries of dogs and foxes.
The females release eggs which are carried in the blood and wedge in the
lung capillaries (small blood vessels). The eggs hatch and the larva
pass into the airways of the lungs. These are then coughed up and
swallowed to be passed out in the faeces. The larva are then taken in by
slugs and snails were they develop further. The dog or fox is then
infected by eating the infected snails and slugs. Direct ingestion of
larva from infected faeces may occur. The larvae penetrate through the
gut wall and migrate to the pulmonary arteries.

What clinical signs should I look out for?
Although it lives in the heart, the worm can cause lung disease. This
can be seen as a persistent cough and breathing difficulty. However, a
wide range of signs is possible, making the disease difficult to
identify. These include poor blood clotting, bruising, seizures,
lameness, abdominal pain, lack of energy and stunting in growing dogs.

How can my dog become infected?
The parasite is transmitted from dog faeces to slugs and snails, where
it develops to the infective stage (see diagram). Dogs are infected by
eating or having close contact with infected slugs and snails.
There is a lot that we do not know about the infection process. It is
not advisable to try to eliminate slugs and snails using slug pellets.
This is unlikely to work and slug pellets are extremely toxic to dogs.

Can my dog catch it from an infected dog or fox?
No, the only route of infection is from eating an infected slug or snail.
How can my vet make a diagnosis of Lungworm?
There are several test that can help your vet to reach a diagnosis
including taking a faecal sample to check for Larvae.

What should I do if my dog starts coughing?
Don't panic! Take it to your vet. There are many reasons why a dog may
start coughing. However if your dog is known to eat snails then a
veterinary examination is definitely a good idea. If your vet is
uncertain of the cause of the cough they will probably recommend doing
various tests to investigate the cause. This may include chest x-rays,
blood tests, stool analysis and obtaining samples of mucus or fluid from
the airways in the lungs. Obviously if you have seen your dog eating
slugs or snails remember to mention this to your vet.

Can Lungworm infection be treated?
There are drugs available to treat Lungworm. However, in spite of
treatment this disease can be fatal. It is therefore important to watch
for clinical signs in your dog and consult your vet as soon as possible.
Routine worming is not 100% successful at preventing Lungworm infection,
and some wormers are more effective than others. Seek your Vet's advice
on the best worming regime for your dog. A simple but effective
treatment for Angiostrongylus vasorum is Advocate® which is available as
a monthly spot on preparation, which is also used to treat fleas.
There is also the Vafrestrongylus Klapowi worm....named after Lawrence
Klapow, PhD...this is a DEADLY worm.....I have it in my stomach and
lung....very hard to keep control of....it is found in CFS and Lyme patients...

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[AlternativeAnswers] Bodytalk / Bodytalk Workshop July 13th-17th

Hi! My name is Timyra Cowling and I just joined this discussion group.

I'm organizing a workshop on a healing modality called Bodytalk. It's
happening in Madison July 13th-17th and there are 32 credits available
through AHNA, NCBTMB, ACEP, NASW, and & NCCAOM. I hope you'll check
out more details at www.madisoncompassion.com/bodytalk or
www.bodytalksystem.com . It is the most holistic, spiritual, direct, and
effective alternative modality I've experienced.

Are there any other Bodytalk enthusiasts in the group?

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